Car-roof.



'D.`|W.v HAWKSWORTH.

GAR Boor. 5

vA BPLIATIQN IvILED DBU. 2, 19.10.A v

1 Patented y Mar. 211915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET. 1.

vspanning the, spaces therebetween.

Avn) W. HAWKswoRTH, or. IJETROIT, MICHIGAN, AssIGNoit To HU'TCHINs-CAR ,f ROOEING COMPANY, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

vCAR-ROOT.

Specifica-tion of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

Application led December 2, 1910. i Serial No. 595,255.

A TaZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, DAVID IV. HAwIIs- WORTH, a, citizen of the United States of America,residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of h/Iichigam'liave invented certain new and usefulA Improvements in Car-Roofs, of which thc following is a specifi-cation, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to cai" roofsvof that typecomprising purlins, metallic carlines, and roofing sheets supported thereonI and t is usual with such constructions to arch the carlines to conform to the pitch of the roof,

the bend being at the ridge, and it is also usual to arrange thepurlins both at the ridge and intermediate the ridge and the eaves beneath the carlines. An objection to this construction is that the sides of the car are only -tied together by the bent carlines and consequently there is nothing to prevent the spreading of the sides and the straightening of the carline under sutlicient internal pressure against the sides. This result f requently occurs where the car is loaded with grain or other material exerting a pressure against the sides, and the result is, first, the outward deiiection of the sides, `and second, the lowering of the ridge so as to destroy the pitch of the roof.

It is the primary object of the-present invention to limit the amount of deflection possible by the straightening of the carline under strain and also to prevent the complete destruction of the .pitch of the roofI by the lowering of the ridge. This is accomplished by a novel construction of cai-line, and further by th.- construction, arrangement and combination therewith of the purlins, rooling sheets, and other elements as hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings,-Figurel is a cross section through a car roof constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig..2 is a longitudinal section on line wre, Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section in the plane of the center of the ridge; Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of the roof sheets adjacent to the ridge. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing a modified construction.

A are the side plates of the car body structure and B is the central or ridge pur-l lin arranged above the level of the plates to obtain the desired pitch of roof. C are y metallic carlines comprising beams of suitable structural shape which as shown, is an inverted' channelhaving laterally7 projecting flanges C at the lower ends of its sides. These carlines instead of conforming to the shape ofthe roof and extending above the ridge purlins as is usual with this type of structure, are formed to pass beneath the ridge purlins thereby shortening the length .f beam between the side plates. Thus if sulicient pressure is exerted against the A sides of the car to straighten the carlines the maximum defiection possible is so slight as to be of no importance. Furthermore, the ridge instead of dropping to the level of the plate, as is possible with the old type of construction, will be 'maintained abiye the way between the ridge pui'lin and the` plates and an intermediate purlin D is arranged to extend beneath the carlines adjacent to this bend. Thus, the carlines pass beneath the ridge purlin and theplane of the central portions of the `roof sheets. At its ends the carline is secured to the side plates by any suitable means that shown being a `bracket E. The carlines are valso secured to the intermediate purlin D-and to the ridge purlin B by bolts F, and the structure is suoli that a pair of separated bolts may be employed with each of said purlins which will hold them and prevent any swiveling at the point of attachment. This overcomes an obj ection to constructions heretofore used where by reason of the structure it is only possible to pass a single bolt through the ridge purlin. With the present construction however, the fact that the carline passes beneath the ridge purlin, permits of bolting the web portion of the carline to the purlin on opposite sides of the center thereof as shown in Fig. 1.

V The roof sheets G as is usual with this type ff i'oof construction are arranged to extend between carlnes and from the ridge site side edges thereof, and an upstanding of the interference of the carlines and .conv

flangeGrz at the ridge.A These flanges are formed by pressing from a iat blank without slotting at the corners which necessitates corners. 'With constructions. heretofore used, where the carline extends above the plane of the sheets throughout its entire length, and where the sheets span thespace betweencarlines, it has been impossible to, 'deliect' this extra metal laterally by reason sequently it has been deflected' toward the ridge necessitating a considerablev clearance space between the ridge vflanges of the plates on opposite sides ofthe oar. With my improved constructionfthe vfact that the carline passes beneath' the ridge purl-iin provides abundant clearance between adjacent sheets at the'ridge so thatthe extra -metalGr-3 may be dciected laterallyasshown in Fig-. 4L. This permits of .reducing the clearance betweenthe flanges Gr?J of they plates-onoppo-l site sides of the ridge. j

With the structure of roof" Jframethus far described the roofsheets areasupported by resting upon the plate and ridge purlinl at their opposite ends and upon the intermediate purlin F in their central portions,

the spaces between said purlins and carlines being spanned by the sheet without any support. In case the sides'of the Vcar ares'pread and the carlines straightened there' will'be an equal lowering both of the ridge purlin and intermediate purlin F,- due to the fact'that the carline between the said intermediate purlin is straight. In thus lowering, the roof sheets will 'change their inclination but inasmuch as the central portion of the sheet will only be lowered oneihalf the distance yof. travel of the end atthe ridge, while'the intermediate purlin Vis depressed a space equal to the lowerngof the ridge, -it is obvious that the roof sheet will separatejrom itssupport onthe intermediate purlin. I therefore, make special provision for reinforcing'theshet which consists inlongitudinal beads 'or corrugations I-I extending from the point of support on the plate to that on the ridge, these strengthening beads or ribs in connection with the reinforcement of the upstanding side flanges' with their integral connection to the ridge flange, will greatly strengthen the plate so that the support of the intermediate purlin may be dispensed with. If however, the plate is not sufficiently rigid to remain out fof contact with the intermediate purlin there will still be sulicient pitch to the roof to take care of drainage.

The flanges G of the roof sheets are cov ered by the usual weather proofing caps I and a ridge cap J which latter forms also a supportfor the saddle K to which the running boards Lf are secured. A central holt M vpassing through the saddle, ridge cap, ridge purlin, and web ofthe carlinewill secure these parts in fixed relation. `the deflection of the extra metal at said Another-advantage in the arrangement of the* carlinelbeneath the'ridge purlin is that this permits of increasing-the depth of the l section in the'central portion of the beam to strengthen the truss. This may be accomplished in several ways. As shown in Fig. 3, the laterally extending Hanges C are bent downward into an inclined position as indicated at C4. Inv Fig. 5v a modification is shown in which laterally 'extending iianges C are vcontinued throughout the length Vof the blank, but the sides C5 are deeper at the cent'erthan: atthe ends. 'lVith both of these constructions as well as with others thatmay be devised; increased depth at the center of the beam produces the desired trussing effect.

What 'I claim-as my invention is:

1. In a car roo, the combination with purlins, of a carline arranged :beneath the ridge purlin and above the intermediate purlinsy 2. In acar' roof, the combination with a plurality of purlins,1 of a roof plate supported directly bysaid purlins, and a carline having different portions of the length extending upon opposite sides of -dilerent purlins.

8. In a car roof, the combination with a pitched rooting sheet, of a carline having different portions ofthe length'thereof arranged with the neutral axis upon opposite sides of the' plane of said4 roofing sheet. 4. In a car roof, the combination with metallic roofing sheets extending from eaves to ridge, of a carline extending from eave tov eave having its outer portions projecting above the plane of thevbody of rooting sheets,

and a central portion beneath the plane thereof'.

5. In a car roof, the combination with a ridge purlin, and side plates, of pitched rooingsheets extending between said side plates and ridge, anda carline between'adjacent sheets having its central Aportion beneathl the ridge purlin and the plane of the body of roofing sheet, and its outer portions projecting above the plane off said sheet.-v f

6. In a carroof, the combination withside plates vand the ridge purlin, of a-.pitched roofing sheetextending from ridge toside plate, a carline 'extending between'side plates having end portions conforming to the pitch side plates and the ridge purlin, ofv pitched roofing sheets extending therebeneath, and a carline extending between said side plates having its outer portions projecting above the plane of the body of said sheets and conforming to the pitch'thereof, and a central portion extending beneath the ridge purlin,

said central portion being of greaterl depth'v than the end portions.

8. `In a car roof, the combination with side plates and the ridge purlinofroong sheets extending from ridge to side plates,

and a carline having end' portions projectingabove the plane of` the body of said sheets,'and a central portion below the plane.

of said sheets and of a section progressively increasing in depth toward the Center ofV 10'* In a car roof, he combin'ationv-withia a -vridgepurlin, and side plates, roofing plates extending from saidvridgeto said plates, purlins. intermediate said ridge and side plates,a carlinehaving its outer portion vextending above the plane ofthe roofing l sheets andintermediate purlin, landits cening sheets and ridge purlin'.

tral portion beneath the 'plane of the roof- 11. Ina c ar roof, he combination' withv side plates, ridge purlin, and intermediate purlin, of a `carline normally supporting said purlin'sin'the 4plane of the roof' sheet lout vadapted to depress'the intermediate'purlin below the vplane of said7 sheet upon, the' spreading of the side plates, and aroof plate supported `on said ridge purlin and@ side plates and normally on said purlins tion of said corner.

having upstanding edge flanges, and intermediate longitudinally extending ribs or c orrugations for the purpose described.

' A 12." In a car roof, a roof sheet having upstanding side and ridge flanges unbroken at 'the corner', the extra' metal at the vcorner being'defleeted outward laterally of theside flanges, and a carline passing adjacent to the side flange of said sheet in a portion 'of 'the length thereof and. deflected below the plane of said sheet at the point of .lateral detlec- 13. In a car roof, the combination `with a ridge .purlin vand an intermediate purlin, lof a carline arranged beneath the ridge purlin and above the plane'vof said intermediate purlin.

14. The vcombination with a car roof lpitched from` ridge to eaves, of a carline having a portion' conforming to the pitch ofthe-roof and supporting the same, vthe total length of said carline being not lessv than doiiblethe length of the pitched'portion thereof so tliatA when fthe carline is straightened out a pitched roof is still maintained. l

15. The combination with a ear roof pitchedffrom ridge to',l eaves, of a carline comprising a unitary structure extending from eave to'eave and having .its outer portions conforming tol the pitch of the roof and its central portion below and spaced a considerable distance from the roof,vv means on said centralv portion for supporting the central portion of the ro0f,'thetotalllength `of said carline being not less tha'ndouble v thatof the pitched portion thereofl t'oxmain-v i .tain a pitched roof when the carlineis straightened.

In testimony whereofI 'affix my: signa'- ture in presence of two witnesses.`

DAVID W.

vWitnesses: j

JAMES P. BARRY, `ADELAIDE I.' ADAMS. 

